本文实例讲述了Android实现将应用崩溃信息发送给开发者并重启应用的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
在开发过程中,虽然经过测试,但在发布后,在广大用户各种各样的运行环境和操作下,可能会发生一些异想不到的错误导致程序崩溃。将这些错误信息收集起来并反馈给开发者,对于开发者改进优化程序是相当重要的。好了,下面就来实现这种功能吧。
(更正时间:2012年2月9日18时42分07秒)
由于为历史帖原因,以下做法比较浪费,但抓取异常的效果是一样的。
1.对于UI线程(即Android中的主线程)抛出的未捕获异常,将这些异常信息存储起来然后关闭到整个应用程序。并再次启动程序,则进入崩溃信息反馈界面让用户将出错信息以Email的形式发送给开发者。
2.对于非UI线程抛出的异常,则立即唤醒崩溃信息反馈界面提示用户将出错信息发送Email。
效果图如下:
过程了解了,则需要了解的几个知识点如下:
1.拦截UncaughtException
Application.onCreate()是整个Android应用的入口方法。在该方法中执行如下代码即可拦截UncaughtException:
ueHandler = new UEHandler(this); // 设置异常处理实例 Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(ueHandler);
2.抓取导致程序崩溃的异常信息
UEHandler是Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler的实现类,在其public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex)的实现中可以获取崩溃信息,代码如下:
// fetch Excpetion Info String info = null; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; PrintStream printStream = null; try { baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); printStream = new PrintStream(baos); ex.printStackTrace(printStream); byte[] data = baos.toByteArray(); info = new String(data); data = null; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (printStream != null) { printStream.close(); } if (baos != null) { baos.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
3.程序抛异常后,要关闭整个应用
悲催的程序员,唉,以下三种方式都无效了,咋办啊!!!
3.1 android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
3.2 ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
am.restartPackage(\"lab.sodino.errorreport\");
3.3 System.exit(0)
好吧,毛主席告诉我们:自己动手丰衣足食。
SoftApplication中声明一个变量need2Exit,其值为true标识当前的程序需要完整退出;为false时该干嘛干嘛去。该变量在应用的启动Activity.onCreate()处赋值为false。
在捕获了崩溃信息后,调用SoftApplication.setNeed2Exit(true)标识程序需要退出,并finish()掉ActErrorReport,这时ActErrorReport退栈,抛错的ActOccurError占据手机屏幕,根据Activity的生命周期其要调用onStart(),则我们在onStart()处读取need2Exit的状态,若为true,则也关闭到当前的Activity,则退出了整个应用了。此方法可以解决一次性退出已开启了多个Activity的Application。详细代码请阅读下面的示例源码。
好了,代码如下:
lab.sodino.errorreport.SoftApplication.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport; import java.io.File; import android.app.Application; /** * @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version Time:2011-6-9 下午11:49:56 */ public class SoftApplication extends Application { /** \"/data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log\" */ public static final String PATH_ERROR_LOG = File.separator + \"data\" + File.separator + \"data\" + File.separator + \"lab.sodino.errorreport\" + File.separator + \"files\" + File.separator + \"error.log\"; /** 标识是否需要退出。为true时表示当前的Activity要执行finish()。 */ private boolean need2Exit; /** 异常处理类。 */ private UEHandler ueHandler; public void onCreate() { need2Exit = false; ueHandler = new UEHandler(this); // 设置异常处理实例 Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(ueHandler); } public void setNeed2Exit(boolean bool) { need2Exit = bool; } public boolean need2Exit() { return need2Exit; } }
lab.sodino.errorreport.ActOccurError.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class ActOccurError extends Activity { private SoftApplication softApplication; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); softApplication = (SoftApplication) getApplication(); // 一开始进入程序恢复为\"need2Exit=false\"。 softApplication.setNeed2Exit(false); Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActOccurError.onCreate()\"); Button btnMain = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnThrowMain); btnMain.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.main.run()\"); int i = 0; i = 100 / i; } }); Button btnChild = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnThrowChild); btnChild.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { new Thread() { public void run() { Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.child.run()\"); int i = 0; i = 100 / i; } }.start(); } }); // 处理记录于error.log中的异常 String errorContent = getErrorLog(); if (errorContent != null) { Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActErrorReport.class); intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); intent.putExtra(\"error\", errorContent); intent.putExtra(\"by\", \"error.log\"); startActivity(intent); } } public void onStart() { super.onStart(); if (softApplication.need2Exit()) { Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActOccurError.finish()\"); ActOccurError.this.finish(); } else { // do normal things } } /** * 读取是否有未处理的报错信息。<br/> * 每次读取后都会将error.log清空。<br/> * * @return 返回未处理的报错信息或null。 */ private String getErrorLog() { File fileErrorLog = new File(SoftApplication.PATH_ERROR_LOG); String content = null; FileInputStream fis = null; try { if (fileErrorLog.exists()) { byte[] data = new byte[(int) fileErrorLog.length()]; fis = new FileInputStream(fileErrorLog); fis.read(data); content = new String(data); data = null; } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (fis != null) { fis.close(); } if (fileErrorLog.exists()) { fileErrorLog.delete(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return content; } }
lab.sodino.errorreport.ActErrorReport.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; /** * @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version Time:2011-6-12 下午01:34:17 */ public class ActErrorReport extends Activity { private SoftApplication softApplication; private String info; /** 标识来处。 */ private String by; private Button btnReport; private Button btnCancel; private BtnListener btnListener; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.report); softApplication = (SoftApplication) getApplication(); by = getIntent().getStringExtra(\"by\"); info = getIntent().getStringExtra(\"error\"); TextView txtHint = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtErrorHint); txtHint.setText(getErrorHint(by)); EditText editError = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editErrorContent); editError.setText(info); btnListener = new BtnListener(); btnReport = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnREPORT); btnCancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCANCEL); btnReport.setOnClickListener(btnListener); btnCancel.setOnClickListener(btnListener); } private String getErrorHint(String by) { String hint = \"\"; String append = \"\"; if (\"uehandler\".equals(by)) { append = \" when the app running\"; } else if (\"error.log\".equals(by)) { append = \" when last time the app running\"; } hint = String.format(getResources().getString(R.string.errorHint), append, 1); return hint; } public void onStart() { super.onStart(); if (softApplication.need2Exit()) { // 上一个退栈的Activity有执行“退出”的操作。 Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActErrorReport.finish()\"); ActErrorReport.this.finish(); } else { // go ahead normally } } class BtnListener implements Button.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (v == btnReport) { // 需要 android.permission.SEND权限 Intent mailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND); mailIntent.setType(\"plain/text\"); String[] arrReceiver = { \"sodinoopen@hotmail.com\" }; String mailSubject = \"App Error Info[\" + getPackageName() + \"]\"; String mailBody = info; mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, arrReceiver); mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, mailSubject); mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, mailBody); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(mailIntent, \"Mail Sending...\")); ActErrorReport.this.finish(); } else if (v == btnCancel) { ActErrorReport.this.finish(); } } } public void finish() { super.finish(); if (\"error.log\".equals(by)) { // do nothing } else if (\"uehandler\".equals(by)) { // 1. // android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid()); // 2. // ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) // getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE); // am.restartPackage(\"lab.sodino.errorreport\"); // 3. // System.exit(0); // 1.2.3.都失效了,Google你让悲催的程序员情何以堪啊。 softApplication.setNeed2Exit(true); // //////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // 另一个替换方案是直接返回“HOME” // Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN); // // 如果是服务里调用,必须加入newtask标识 // i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); // i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME); // startActivity(i); // //////////////////////////////////////////////////// } } }
lab.sodino.errorreport.UEHandler.java
package lab.sodino.uncaughtexception; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.PrintStream; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; /** * @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com * @version Time:2011-6-9 下午11:50:43 */ public class UEHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler { private SoftApplication softApp; private File fileErrorLog; public UEHandler(SoftApplication app) { softApp = app; fileErrorLog = new File(SoftApplication.PATH_ERROR_LOG); } @Override public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) { // fetch Excpetion Info String info = null; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; PrintStream printStream = null; try { baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); printStream = new PrintStream(baos); ex.printStackTrace(printStream); byte[] data = baos.toByteArray(); info = new String(data); data = null; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (printStream != null) { printStream.close(); } if (baos != null) { baos.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } // print long threadId = thread.getId(); Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.getName()=\" + thread.getName() + \" id=\" + threadId + \" state=\" + thread.getState()); Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Error[\" + info + \"]\"); if (threadId != 1) { // 此处示例跳转到汇报异常界面。 Intent intent = new Intent(softApp, ActErrorReport.class); intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); intent.putExtra(\"error\", info); intent.putExtra(\"by\", \"uehandler\"); softApp.startActivity(intent); } else { // 此处示例发生异常后,重新启动应用 Intent intent = new Intent(softApp, ActOccurError.class); // 如果<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); \">没有NEW_TASK标识且</span>是UI线程抛的异常则界面卡死直到ANR intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); softApp.startActivity(intent); // write 2 /data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log write2ErrorLog(fileErrorLog, info); // kill App Progress android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid()); } } private void write2ErrorLog(File file, String content) { FileOutputStream fos = null; try { if (file.exists()) { // 清空之前的记录 file.delete(); } else { file.getParentFile().mkdirs(); } file.createNewFile(); fos = new FileOutputStream(file); fos.write(content.getBytes()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (fos != null) { fos.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
/res/layout/main.xml
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\" android:orientation=\"vertical\" android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"fill_parent\" > <TextView android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"@string/hello\" /> <Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Throws Exception By Main Thread\" android:id=\"@+id/btnThrowMain\" ></Button> <Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Throws Exception By Child Thread\" android:id=\"@+id/btnThrowChild\" ></Button> </LinearLayout>
/res/layout/report.xml
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\" android:orientation=\"vertical\" android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"fill_parent\"> <TextView android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"@string/errorHint\" android:id=\"@+id/txtErrorHint\" /> <EditText android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:id=\"@+id/editErrorContent\" android:editable=\"false\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></EditText> <LinearLayout android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:background=\"#96cdcd\" android:gravity=\"center\" android:orientation=\"horizontal\"> <Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Report\" android:id=\"@+id/btnREPORT\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></Button> <Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\" android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Cancel\" android:id=\"@+id/btnCANCEL\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></Button> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
用到的string.xml资源为:
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。
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