本文实例讲述了Android实现将应用崩溃信息发送给开发者并重启应用的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
在开发过程中,虽然经过测试,但在发布后,在广大用户各种各样的运行环境和操作下,可能会发生一些异想不到的错误导致程序崩溃。将这些错误信息收集起来并反馈给开发者,对于开发者改进优化程序是相当重要的。好了,下面就来实现这种功能吧。
(更正时间:2012年2月9日18时42分07秒)
由于为历史帖原因,以下做法比较浪费,但抓取异常的效果是一样的。
1.对于UI线程(即Android中的主线程)抛出的未捕获异常,将这些异常信息存储起来然后关闭到整个应用程序。并再次启动程序,则进入崩溃信息反馈界面让用户将出错信息以Email的形式发送给开发者。
2.对于非UI线程抛出的异常,则立即唤醒崩溃信息反馈界面提示用户将出错信息发送Email。
效果图如下:
过程了解了,则需要了解的几个知识点如下:
1.拦截UncaughtException
Application.onCreate()是整个Android应用的入口方法。在该方法中执行如下代码即可拦截UncaughtException:
ueHandler = new UEHandler(this); // 设置异常处理实例 Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(ueHandler);
2.抓取导致程序崩溃的异常信息
UEHandler是Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler的实现类,在其public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex)的实现中可以获取崩溃信息,代码如下:
// fetch Excpetion Info
String info = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
PrintStream printStream = null;
try {
baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
printStream = new PrintStream(baos);
ex.printStackTrace(printStream);
byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();
info = new String(data);
data = null;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (printStream != null) {
printStream.close();
}
if (baos != null) {
baos.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
3.程序抛异常后,要关闭整个应用
悲催的程序员,唉,以下三种方式都无效了,咋办啊!!!
3.1 android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
3.2 ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
am.restartPackage(\"lab.sodino.errorreport\");
3.3 System.exit(0)
好吧,毛主席告诉我们:自己动手丰衣足食。
SoftApplication中声明一个变量need2Exit,其值为true标识当前的程序需要完整退出;为false时该干嘛干嘛去。该变量在应用的启动Activity.onCreate()处赋值为false。
在捕获了崩溃信息后,调用SoftApplication.setNeed2Exit(true)标识程序需要退出,并finish()掉ActErrorReport,这时ActErrorReport退栈,抛错的ActOccurError占据手机屏幕,根据Activity的生命周期其要调用onStart(),则我们在onStart()处读取need2Exit的状态,若为true,则也关闭到当前的Activity,则退出了整个应用了。此方法可以解决一次性退出已开启了多个Activity的Application。详细代码请阅读下面的示例源码。
好了,代码如下:
lab.sodino.errorreport.SoftApplication.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport;
import java.io.File;
import android.app.Application;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2011-6-9 下午11:49:56
*/
public class SoftApplication extends Application {
/** \"/data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log\" */
public static final String PATH_ERROR_LOG = File.separator + \"data\" + File.separator + \"data\"
+ File.separator + \"lab.sodino.errorreport\" + File.separator + \"files\" + File.separator
+ \"error.log\";
/** 标识是否需要退出。为true时表示当前的Activity要执行finish()。 */
private boolean need2Exit;
/** 异常处理类。 */
private UEHandler ueHandler;
public void onCreate() {
need2Exit = false;
ueHandler = new UEHandler(this);
// 设置异常处理实例
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(ueHandler);
}
public void setNeed2Exit(boolean bool) {
need2Exit = bool;
}
public boolean need2Exit() {
return need2Exit;
}
}
lab.sodino.errorreport.ActOccurError.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
public class ActOccurError extends Activity {
private SoftApplication softApplication;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
softApplication = (SoftApplication) getApplication();
// 一开始进入程序恢复为\"need2Exit=false\"。
softApplication.setNeed2Exit(false);
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActOccurError.onCreate()\");
Button btnMain = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnThrowMain);
btnMain.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.main.run()\");
int i = 0;
i = 100 / i;
}
});
Button btnChild = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnThrowChild);
btnChild.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
new Thread() {
public void run() {
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.child.run()\");
int i = 0;
i = 100 / i;
}
}.start();
}
});
// 处理记录于error.log中的异常
String errorContent = getErrorLog();
if (errorContent != null) {
Intent intent = new Intent(this, ActErrorReport.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.putExtra(\"error\", errorContent);
intent.putExtra(\"by\", \"error.log\");
startActivity(intent);
}
}
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
if (softApplication.need2Exit()) {
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActOccurError.finish()\");
ActOccurError.this.finish();
} else {
// do normal things
}
}
/**
* 读取是否有未处理的报错信息。<br/>
* 每次读取后都会将error.log清空。<br/>
*
* @return 返回未处理的报错信息或null。
*/
private String getErrorLog() {
File fileErrorLog = new File(SoftApplication.PATH_ERROR_LOG);
String content = null;
FileInputStream fis = null;
try {
if (fileErrorLog.exists()) {
byte[] data = new byte[(int) fileErrorLog.length()];
fis = new FileInputStream(fileErrorLog);
fis.read(data);
content = new String(data);
data = null;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (fis != null) {
fis.close();
}
if (fileErrorLog.exists()) {
fileErrorLog.delete();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return content;
}
}
lab.sodino.errorreport.ActErrorReport.java
package lab.sodino.errorreport;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2011-6-12 下午01:34:17
*/
public class ActErrorReport extends Activity {
private SoftApplication softApplication;
private String info;
/** 标识来处。 */
private String by;
private Button btnReport;
private Button btnCancel;
private BtnListener btnListener;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.report);
softApplication = (SoftApplication) getApplication();
by = getIntent().getStringExtra(\"by\");
info = getIntent().getStringExtra(\"error\");
TextView txtHint = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtErrorHint);
txtHint.setText(getErrorHint(by));
EditText editError = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editErrorContent);
editError.setText(info);
btnListener = new BtnListener();
btnReport = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnREPORT);
btnCancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnCANCEL);
btnReport.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
btnCancel.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
}
private String getErrorHint(String by) {
String hint = \"\";
String append = \"\";
if (\"uehandler\".equals(by)) {
append = \" when the app running\";
} else if (\"error.log\".equals(by)) {
append = \" when last time the app running\";
}
hint = String.format(getResources().getString(R.string.errorHint), append, 1);
return hint;
}
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
if (softApplication.need2Exit()) {
// 上一个退栈的Activity有执行“退出”的操作。
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"ActErrorReport.finish()\");
ActErrorReport.this.finish();
} else {
// go ahead normally
}
}
class BtnListener implements Button.OnClickListener {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == btnReport) {
// 需要 android.permission.SEND权限
Intent mailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
mailIntent.setType(\"plain/text\");
String[] arrReceiver = { \"sodinoopen@hotmail.com\" };
String mailSubject = \"App Error Info[\" + getPackageName() + \"]\";
String mailBody = info;
mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, arrReceiver);
mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, mailSubject);
mailIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, mailBody);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(mailIntent, \"Mail Sending...\"));
ActErrorReport.this.finish();
} else if (v == btnCancel) {
ActErrorReport.this.finish();
}
}
}
public void finish() {
super.finish();
if (\"error.log\".equals(by)) {
// do nothing
} else if (\"uehandler\".equals(by)) {
// 1.
// android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
// 2.
// ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager)
// getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
// am.restartPackage(\"lab.sodino.errorreport\");
// 3.
// System.exit(0);
// 1.2.3.都失效了,Google你让悲催的程序员情何以堪啊。
softApplication.setNeed2Exit(true);
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// // 另一个替换方案是直接返回“HOME”
// Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
// // 如果是服务里调用,必须加入newtask标识
// i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
// i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
// startActivity(i);
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
}
}
}
lab.sodino.errorreport.UEHandler.java
package lab.sodino.uncaughtexception;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2011-6-9 下午11:50:43
*/
public class UEHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
private SoftApplication softApp;
private File fileErrorLog;
public UEHandler(SoftApplication app) {
softApp = app;
fileErrorLog = new File(SoftApplication.PATH_ERROR_LOG);
}
@Override
public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
// fetch Excpetion Info
String info = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
PrintStream printStream = null;
try {
baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
printStream = new PrintStream(baos);
ex.printStackTrace(printStream);
byte[] data = baos.toByteArray();
info = new String(data);
data = null;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (printStream != null) {
printStream.close();
}
if (baos != null) {
baos.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// print
long threadId = thread.getId();
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Thread.getName()=\" + thread.getName() + \" id=\" + threadId + \" state=\" + thread.getState());
Log.d(\"ANDROID_LAB\", \"Error[\" + info + \"]\");
if (threadId != 1) {
// 此处示例跳转到汇报异常界面。
Intent intent = new Intent(softApp, ActErrorReport.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.putExtra(\"error\", info);
intent.putExtra(\"by\", \"uehandler\");
softApp.startActivity(intent);
} else {
// 此处示例发生异常后,重新启动应用
Intent intent = new Intent(softApp, ActOccurError.class);
// 如果<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); \">没有NEW_TASK标识且</span>是UI线程抛的异常则界面卡死直到ANR
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
softApp.startActivity(intent);
// write 2 /data/data/<app_package>/files/error.log
write2ErrorLog(fileErrorLog, info);
// kill App Progress
android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
}
}
private void write2ErrorLog(File file, String content) {
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
if (file.exists()) {
// 清空之前的记录
file.delete();
} else {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
file.createNewFile();
fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
fos.write(content.getBytes());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (fos != null) {
fos.close();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/res/layout/main.xml
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\"
android:orientation=\"vertical\"
android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"fill_parent\"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
android:text=\"@string/hello\"
/>
<Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
android:text=\"Throws Exception By Main Thread\"
android:id=\"@+id/btnThrowMain\"
></Button>
<Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
android:text=\"Throws Exception By Child Thread\"
android:id=\"@+id/btnThrowChild\"
></Button>
</LinearLayout>
/res/layout/report.xml
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android=\"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android\"
android:orientation=\"vertical\" android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"fill_parent\">
<TextView android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"
android:text=\"@string/errorHint\"
android:id=\"@+id/txtErrorHint\" />
<EditText android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:id=\"@+id/editErrorContent\"
android:editable=\"false\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></EditText>
<LinearLayout android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:background=\"#96cdcd\"
android:gravity=\"center\" android:orientation=\"horizontal\">
<Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Report\"
android:id=\"@+id/btnREPORT\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></Button>
<Button android:layout_width=\"fill_parent\"
android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\" android:text=\"Cancel\"
android:id=\"@+id/btnCANCEL\" android:layout_weight=\"1\"></Button>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
用到的string.xml资源为:
希望本文所述对大家Android程序设计有所帮助。
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