使用Java发送带附件的附件的示例

前端技术 2023/09/06 Java

这里使用的是JavaMail技术，前台使用了fckeditor做邮件美化，由于只是示例，后台发送时只是将邮件保存在本地，但是可以查看，如果需要实际发送，请参考我的其他博客文章，我写了很多关于邮件发送的示例！

JSP页面页面除了引用fckeditor外，要注意我们是需要发送附件的：

<%@ page language=\"java\" import=\"java.util.*\" pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%> 
<%@ taglib prefix=\"c\" uri=\"http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core\" %> 
<% 
String path = request.getContextPath(); 
String basePath = request.getScheme()+\"://\"+request.getServerName()+\":\"+request.getServerPort()+path+\"/\"; 
%> 
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\"> 
<html> 
 <head> 
  <base href=\"<%=basePath%>\"> 
  <title>发送邮件</title> 
  <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\"> 
  <meta http-equiv=\"cache-control\" content=\"no-cache\"> 
  <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"0\">   
  <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"fckeditor/fckeditor.js\"></script> 
  <script type=\"text/javascript\"> 
  window.onload=function(){ 
    var oFCKeditor = new FCKeditor( \'content\' ) ; 
    //编译器基本路径 
    oFCKeditor.BasePath = \"/pro_04/fckeditor/\"; 
    //高度 
    oFCKeditor.Width=800; 
    //宽度 
    oFCKeditor.Height=300; 
    //工具条集合名称(Default,Basic或自己制定，关于ＦＣＫ的使用，博客内有专门文章) 
    //具体的配置可以将默认显示出来然后到FCK目录里的fckconfig.js里 
    //FCKConfig.ToolbarSets[\"Default\"]数组中去除不要的功能一共63个功能属性 
    //oFCKeditor.ToolbarSet=\"Basic\"; 
    oFCKeditor.ReplaceTextarea() ;      
  } 
  </script> 
 </head> 
 <body> 
  <!-- 注意表单格式，这里需要上传附件 --> 
  <form action=\"SendMailServlet\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart/form-data\"> 
  <table> 
    <tr> 
      <td>收件人：</td> 
       <td><input type=\"text\" name=\"to\" /></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>抄送：</td> 
       <td><input type=\"text\" name=\"copy\" /></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>主题：</td> 
       <td><input type=\"text\" name=\"title\" /></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>信件内容：</td> 
      <td><textarea rows=\"10\" cols=\"20\" name=\"content\" id=\"content\"></textarea></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>附件：</td> 
      <td><input type=\'file\' name=\'ufile\' /></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>背景音乐：</td> 
      <td><input type=\'file\' name=\'umusic\' /></td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr> 
      <td>背景图片：</td><!-- 背景图片我们后台自己准备 --> 
      <td> 
        <select name=\"bgimg\"> 
          <option value=\"1\">一号</option> 
          <option value=\"2\">二号</option> 
        </select> 
      </td> 
    </tr> 
    <tr align=\"right\"> 
      <td colspan=\"2\"><input type=\"submit\" value=\"发 送\"></td> 
    </tr> 
  </table>    
  </form> 
 </body> 
</html>

 
 
为了防止乱码，会经过一个过滤器：

package org.filter; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import javax.servlet.Filter; 
import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 
/** 
 * 过滤器防止乱码 
 * @说明 
 * @author cuisuqiang 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 
 */ 
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter { 
  public void destroy() { 
  } 
  public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, 
      FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 
    request.setCharacterEncoding(\"UTF-8\"); 
    response.setCharacterEncoding(\"UTF-8\"); 
    chain.doFilter(request, response); 
  } 
  public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException { 
  } 
}


然后到Servlet处理附件和信息，这里就不做异常处理了，出错直接报错：

package org.servlet; 
import java.io.*; 
import java.util.*; 
import javax.servlet.ServletException; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem; 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory; 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException; 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory; 
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload; 
import org.entity.MailModel; 
import org.mail.SendMail; 
/** 
 * 接收表单，处理附件，组装邮件对象，并调用发送接口 
 * @说明 在C盘创建临时文件 
 * @author cuisuqiang 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 
 */ 
@SuppressWarnings(\"serial\") 
public class SendMailServlet extends HttpServlet { 
  @SuppressWarnings( { \"unchecked\", \"deprecation\" }) 
  @Override 
  protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, 
      HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { 
    // 建立磁盘工厂 
    FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); 
    // 表单域 
    ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); 
    List<FileItem> items = null; 
    String bgimg = \"1\"; // 默认是第一个背景图片 
    try { 
      items = upload.parseRequest(request); 
    } catch (FileUploadException e) { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
    MailModel mail = new MailModel(); 
    InputStream is = null; 
    for (FileItem item : items) { 
      if (!item.isFormField()) { // 如果是附件 
        if (item.getSize() > 0) { 
          is = item.getInputStream(); 
          String filename = \"\"; 
          if (item.getName().indexOf(\"\\\\\") == -1) { 
            filename = \"c:\\\\tmp\\\\\" + item.getName(); 
          } else { 
            filename = \"c:\\\\tmp\\\\\" + item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf(\"\\\\\")); 
          } 
          if (is.markSupported()) { 
            System.out.println(\"没有上传文件或文件已经删除\"); 
          } else { 
            File file = new File(filename); 
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file); // 建立输出流 
            byte[] buffer = new byte[8192]; // 每次读8K字节，大文件上传没有问题 
            int count = 0; 
            while ((count = is.read(buffer)) > 0) { // 循环写入到硬盘 
              fos.write(buffer, 0, count); 
            } 
            fos.close(); // 关闭输入输出流 
            is.close(); 
            if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"ufile\")) { 
              mail.setFilePath(filename); 
            } else if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"umusic\")) { 
              mail.setMusicPath(filename); 
            } 
          } 
        } 
      } else { // 处理文本信息 
        if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"title\")) { 
          mail.setTitle(item.getString(\"UTF-8\")); 
        } else if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"content\")) { 
          mail.setContext(item.getString(\"UTF-8\")); 
        } else if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"to\")) { 
          mail.setTo(item.getString(\"UTF-8\")); 
        } else if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"copy\")) { 
          mail.setCopy(item.getString(\"UTF-8\")); 
        } else if (item.getFieldName().equals(\"bgimg\")) { 
          bgimg = item.getString(\"UTF-8\"); 
        } 
      } 
    } 
    String bgPath = request.getRealPath(\"/\") + \"\\\\images\\\\bg\" + bgimg + \".jpg\"; 
    mail.setBgPath(bgPath); 
    try { 
      SendMail.sendMail(mail); 
    } catch (Exception e) { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
    response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + \"/sendmail.jsp\"); 
  } 
}

 
 
这里也没有验证，接收到信息后组装一个邮件实体对象，传递到发送接口中发送：
实体，我就不写ｇｅｔ和ｓｅｔ方法了：

package org.entity; 
/** 
 * 一封邮件的对象 
 * @说明 
 * @author cuisuqiang 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 
 */ 
public class MailModel { 
  /** 
   * 主键 
   */ 
  private int id; 
 
  /** 
   * 邮件标题 
   */ 
  private String title; 
 
  /** 
   * 发送给谁 
   */ 
  private String to; 
 
  /** 
   * 背景图片地址 
   */ 
  private String bgPath; 
 
  /** 
   * 抄送给谁 
   */ 
  private String copy; 
 
  /** 
   * 邮件内容 
   */ 
  private String context; 
 
  /** 
   * 附件地址 
   */ 
  private String filePath; 
  /** 
   * 背景音乐地址 
   */ 
  private String musicPath; 
}

 
 
然后我们来看看核心处理类：
 

package org.mail; 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
import java.io.OutputStream; 
import java.util.Date; 
import java.util.Properties; 
import javax.activation.DataHandler; 
import javax.activation.DataSource; 
import javax.activation.FileDataSource; 
import javax.mail.Message; 
import javax.mail.Session; 
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; 
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; 
import org.entity.MailModel; 
/** 
 * 发送一封邮件 
 * @说明 注意这里并没有实际发送而是保存在了C盘临时文件中，真是发送的话，请参考我的博客 
 * @author cuisuqiang 
 * @version 1.0 
 * @since 
 */ 
public class SendMail { 
  public static void sendMail(MailModel mail) throws Exception { 
    Properties props = new Properties(); 
    props.put(\"mail.smtp.auth\", \"true\"); 
    Session session = Session.getInstance(props); 
    Message message = new MimeMessage(session); 
    InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(); 
    from.setPersonal(MimeUtility.encodeText(\"风中落叶<cuisuqiang@163.com>\")); 
    message.setFrom(from); 
    InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(mail.getTo()); 
    message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); 
    // 是否抄送 
    if (null != mail.getCopy() && !\"\".equals(mail.getCopy())) { 
      InternetAddress copy = new InternetAddress(mail.getCopy()); 
      message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.CC, copy); 
    } 
    message.setSubject(MimeUtility.encodeText(mail.getTitle())); 
    message.setSentDate(new Date()); 
    // 指定为混合关系 
    MimeMultipart msgMultipart = new MimeMultipart(\"mixed\"); 
    message.setContent(msgMultipart); 
    MimeBodyPart content = new MimeBodyPart(); 
    msgMultipart.addBodyPart(content); 
    // 依赖关系 
    MimeMultipart bodyMultipart = new MimeMultipart(\"related\"); 
    content.setContent(bodyMultipart); 
    MimeBodyPart htmlPart = new MimeBodyPart(); 
    // 组装的顺序非常重要 
    bodyMultipart.addBodyPart(htmlPart); 
    MimeBodyPart in_bg = new MimeBodyPart(); 
    bodyMultipart.addBodyPart(in_bg); 
 
    DataSource bgsou = new FileDataSource(mail.getBgPath()); 
    DataHandler bghd = new DataHandler(bgsou); 
    in_bg.setDataHandler(bghd); 
    in_bg.setHeader(\"Content-Location\", \"bg.jpg\"); 
    // 是否使用了背景音乐 
    if (null == mail.getMusicPath() || \"\".equals(mail.getMusicPath())) { 
      String start = \"<html><body background=\'bg.jpg\'>\"; 
      String end = \"</body></html>\"; 
      htmlPart.setContent(start + mail.getContext() + end,\"text/html;charset=UTF-8\"); 
    } else { 
      MimeBodyPart in_Part = new MimeBodyPart(); 
      bodyMultipart.addBodyPart(in_Part); 
      DataSource gifds = new FileDataSource(mail.getMusicPath()); 
      DataHandler gifdh = new DataHandler(gifds); 
      in_Part.setDataHandler(gifdh); 
      in_Part.setHeader(\"Content-Location\", \"bg.mp3\"); 
      String start = \"<html><head><bgsound src=\'bg.mp3\' loop=\'-1\'></head><body background=\'bg.jpg\'>\"; 
      String end = \"</body></html>\"; 
      htmlPart.setContent(start + mail.getContext() + end,\"text/html;charset=UTF-8\"); 
    } 
    // 组装附件 
    if (null != mail.getFilePath() && !\"\".equals(mail.getFilePath())) {      
      MimeBodyPart file = new MimeBodyPart(); 
      FileDataSource file_datasource = new FileDataSource(mail 
          .getFilePath()); 
      DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(file_datasource); 
      file.setDataHandler(dh); 
      file.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dh.getName())); 
      msgMultipart.addBodyPart(file); 
    } 
    message.saveChanges(); 
    // 保存邮件 
    OutputStream ips = new FileOutputStream(\"C:\\\\tmp\\\\test.eml\"); 
    message.writeTo(ips); 
    ips.close(); 
    System.out.println(\"------------发送完毕------------\"); 
    // 删除临时文件 
    if (null != mail.getMusicPath() && !\"\".equals(mail.getMusicPath())) { 
      File file = new File(mail.getMusicPath()); 
      file.delete(); 
    } 
    if (null != mail.getFilePath() && !\"\".equals(mail.getFilePath())) { 
      File file = new File(mail.getFilePath()); 
      file.delete(); 
    } 
  } 
}

我们把邮件发送了C盘，可以到C盘查看，如果需要实际发送，可以参考我的其他博客，有专门说明！

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