这篇文章会从前台页面到后台实现完整的讲解,下面跟着小编一起来看看。
1、前台的代码,image.jsp
<%@ page language=\"java\" contentType=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\" pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\"> <title>获取图片验证码</title> <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"${pageContext.request.contextPath }/static/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js\"></script> </head> <body> <form action=\"##\" method=\'post\'> <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"userId\" name=\"userId\" value=\"\"> <div class=\"form-group\"> <div class=\"email controls\"> <input type=\"text\" name=\'loginName\' id=\"loginName\" placeholder=\"用户名\" value=\"\" class=\'form-control\'/> </div> </div> <div class=\"form-group\"> <div class=\"pw controls\"> <input type=\"password\" autocomplete=\"off\" id=\"pwd\" name=\"pwd\" placeholder=\"密码\" class=\'form-control\'/> </div> </div> <div class=\"form-group\"> <div class=\"email controls\"> <input id=\"validateCode\" onblur=\"checkImg(this.value)\" name=\"validateCode\" type=\"text\" class=\"form-control\" placeholder=\"输入验证码\"/> </div> <span class=\"y_yzimg\"><img id=\"codeValidateImg\" onClick=\"javascript:flushValidateCode();\"/></span> <p class=\"y_change\"><a href=\"javascript:flushValidateCode();\" >换一张</a></p> </div> <div class=\"form-group\"> <span class=\"text-danger\"></span> </div> <div class=\"submit\"> <div class=\"remember\"> <input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"remember\" value=\"1\" class=\'icheck-me\' data-skin=\"square\" data-color=\"blue\" id=\"remember\"> <label for=\"remember\">记住我</label> </div> <input type=\"button\" value=\"登录\" onclick=\"javascript:submitForm();\" class=\'btn btn-primary\'> </div> </form> <script type=\"text/javascript\"> $(document).ready(function() { flushValidateCode();//进入页面就刷新生成验证码 }); /* 刷新生成验证码 */ function flushValidateCode(){ var validateImgObject = document.getElementById(\"codeValidateImg\"); validateImgObject.src = \"${pageContext.request.contextPath }/getSysManageLoginCode?time=\" + new Date(); } /*校验验证码输入是否正确*/ function checkImg(code){ var url = \"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkimagecode\"; $.get(url,{\"validateCode\":code},function(data){ if(data==\"ok\"){ alert(\"ok!\") }else{ alert(\"error!\") flushValidateCode(); } }) } </script> </body> </html>
2、后台代码ImageGenController.java
package com.dufyun.springmvc.web.controller; import javax.servlet.http.Cookie; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.dufy.javaweb.test.RandomValidateCode; @Controller public class ImageGenController { @RequestMapping(value=\"/toImg\") public String toImg(){ return \"image/image\"; } //登录获取验证码 @RequestMapping(\"/getSysManageLoginCode\") @ResponseBody public String getSysManageLoginCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) { response.setContentType(\"image/jpeg\");// 设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片 response.setHeader(\"Pragma\", \"No-cache\");// 设置响应头信息,告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容 response.setHeader(\"Cache-Control\", \"no-cache\"); response.setHeader(\"Set-Cookie\", \"name=value; HttpOnly\");//设置HttpOnly属性,防止Xss攻击 response.setDateHeader(\"Expire\", 0); RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode(); try { randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response,\"imagecode\");// 输出图片方法 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return \"\"; } //验证码验证 @RequestMapping(value = \"/checkimagecode\") @ResponseBody public String checkTcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) { String validateCode = request.getParameter(\"validateCode\"); String code = null; //1:获取cookie里面的验证码信息 Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); for (Cookie cookie : cookies) { if (\"imagecode\".equals(cookie.getName())) { code = cookie.getValue(); break; } } //1:获取session验证码的信息 //String code1 = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(\"\"); //2:判断验证码是否正确 if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(validateCode) && validateCode.equals(code)){ return \"ok\"; } return \"error\"; //这里我没有进行字母大小模糊的验证处理,感兴趣的你可以去试一下! } }
3、生成验证码的工具类RandomValidateCode.java
package com.dufy.javaweb.test; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.util.Random; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.http.Cookie; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class RandomValidateCode { private Random random = new Random(); private String randString = \"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\";// 随机产生的字符串 private int width = 80;// 图片宽 private int height = 26;// 图片高 private int lineSize = 40;// 干扰线数量 private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量 /* * 获得字体 */ private Font getFont() { return new Font(\"Fixedsys\", Font.CENTER_BASELINE, 18); } /* * 获得颜色 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { if (fc > 255) fc = 255; if (bc > 255) bc = 255; int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 16); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 14); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 18); return new Color(r, g, b); } /* * 绘制字符串 */ private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) { g.setFont(getFont()); g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random .nextInt(121))); String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString .length()))); randomString += rand; g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3)); g.drawString(rand, 13 * i, 16); return randomString; } /* * 绘制干扰线 */ private void drowLine(Graphics g) { int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); int xl = random.nextInt(13); int yl = random.nextInt(15); g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl); } /* * 获取随机的字符 */ public String getRandomString(int num) { return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num)); } /** * 生成随机图片 */ public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String key) { // BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR); Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); g.setFont(new Font(\"Times New Roman\", Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, 18)); g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133)); // 绘制干扰线 for (int i = 0; i <= lineSize; i++) { drowLine(g); } // 绘制随机字符 String randomString = \"\"; for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) { randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i); } //1:将随机生成的验证码放入Cookie中 Cookie cookie = new Cookie(key,randomString); response.addCookie(cookie); //2:将随机生成的验证码放入session中 String sessionid = request.getSession().getId(); request.getSession().setAttribute(sessionid+key, randomString); System.out.println(\"*************\" + randomString); //总结:这两种方式都是很好, //(1):使用cookie的方式,将验证码发送到前台浏览器,不安全!不建议使用。 //(2):使用session的方式,虽然能解决验证码不发送到浏览器,安全性较高了,但是如果用户量太大,这样的存储方式会对服务器造成压力,影响服务器的性能。不建议使用。 //这里暂时实现用这种方式,好的办法是,在项目中使用的缓存,将生成的验证码存放到缓存中,设置失效时间,这样既可以实现安全性也能减轻服务器的压力。 g.dispose(); try { ByteArrayOutputStream tmp = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ImageIO.write(image, \"png\", tmp); tmp.close(); Integer contentLength = tmp.size(); response.setHeader(\"content-length\", contentLength + \"\"); response.getOutputStream().write(tmp.toByteArray());// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { response.getOutputStream().flush(); response.getOutputStream().close(); } catch (Exception e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } } } }
4、总结
本文的内容到这就结束了,如果对里面的地方有不懂的地方,可以留言讨论。希望本文的内容对大家的学习工作能有所帮助。
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