这篇文章会从前台页面到后台实现完整的讲解,下面跟着小编一起来看看。
1、前台的代码,image.jsp
<%@ page language=\"java\" contentType=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\"
pageEncoding=\"UTF-8\"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd\">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">
<title>获取图片验证码</title>
<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"${pageContext.request.contextPath }/static/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js\"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form action=\"##\" method=\'post\'>
<input type=\"hidden\" id=\"userId\" name=\"userId\" value=\"\">
<div class=\"form-group\">
<div class=\"email controls\">
<input type=\"text\" name=\'loginName\' id=\"loginName\" placeholder=\"用户名\" value=\"\" class=\'form-control\'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class=\"form-group\">
<div class=\"pw controls\">
<input type=\"password\" autocomplete=\"off\" id=\"pwd\" name=\"pwd\" placeholder=\"密码\" class=\'form-control\'/>
</div>
</div>
<div class=\"form-group\">
<div class=\"email controls\">
<input id=\"validateCode\" onblur=\"checkImg(this.value)\" name=\"validateCode\" type=\"text\" class=\"form-control\" placeholder=\"输入验证码\"/>
</div>
<span class=\"y_yzimg\"><img id=\"codeValidateImg\" onClick=\"javascript:flushValidateCode();\"/></span>
<p class=\"y_change\"><a href=\"javascript:flushValidateCode();\" >换一张</a></p>
</div>
<div class=\"form-group\">
<span class=\"text-danger\"></span>
</div>
<div class=\"submit\">
<div class=\"remember\">
<input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"remember\" value=\"1\" class=\'icheck-me\' data-skin=\"square\" data-color=\"blue\" id=\"remember\">
<label for=\"remember\">记住我</label>
</div>
<input type=\"button\" value=\"登录\" onclick=\"javascript:submitForm();\" class=\'btn btn-primary\'>
</div>
</form>
<script type=\"text/javascript\">
$(document).ready(function() {
flushValidateCode();//进入页面就刷新生成验证码
});
/* 刷新生成验证码 */
function flushValidateCode(){
var validateImgObject = document.getElementById(\"codeValidateImg\");
validateImgObject.src = \"${pageContext.request.contextPath }/getSysManageLoginCode?time=\" + new Date();
}
/*校验验证码输入是否正确*/
function checkImg(code){
var url = \"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkimagecode\";
$.get(url,{\"validateCode\":code},function(data){
if(data==\"ok\"){
alert(\"ok!\")
}else{
alert(\"error!\")
flushValidateCode();
}
})
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2、后台代码ImageGenController.java
package com.dufyun.springmvc.web.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.dufy.javaweb.test.RandomValidateCode;
@Controller
public class ImageGenController {
@RequestMapping(value=\"/toImg\")
public String toImg(){
return \"image/image\";
}
//登录获取验证码
@RequestMapping(\"/getSysManageLoginCode\")
@ResponseBody
public String getSysManageLoginCode(HttpServletResponse response,
HttpServletRequest request) {
response.setContentType(\"image/jpeg\");// 设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片
response.setHeader(\"Pragma\", \"No-cache\");// 设置响应头信息,告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容
response.setHeader(\"Cache-Control\", \"no-cache\");
response.setHeader(\"Set-Cookie\", \"name=value; HttpOnly\");//设置HttpOnly属性,防止Xss攻击
response.setDateHeader(\"Expire\", 0);
RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode();
try {
randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response,\"imagecode\");// 输出图片方法
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return \"\";
}
//验证码验证
@RequestMapping(value = \"/checkimagecode\")
@ResponseBody
public String checkTcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
String validateCode = request.getParameter(\"validateCode\");
String code = null;
//1:获取cookie里面的验证码信息
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
if (\"imagecode\".equals(cookie.getName())) {
code = cookie.getValue();
break;
}
}
//1:获取session验证码的信息
//String code1 = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(\"\");
//2:判断验证码是否正确
if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(validateCode) && validateCode.equals(code)){
return \"ok\";
}
return \"error\";
//这里我没有进行字母大小模糊的验证处理,感兴趣的你可以去试一下!
}
}
3、生成验证码的工具类RandomValidateCode.java
package com.dufy.javaweb.test;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class RandomValidateCode {
private Random random = new Random();
private String randString = \"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\";// 随机产生的字符串
private int width = 80;// 图片宽
private int height = 26;// 图片高
private int lineSize = 40;// 干扰线数量
private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量
/*
* 获得字体
*/
private Font getFont() {
return new Font(\"Fixedsys\", Font.CENTER_BASELINE, 18);
}
/*
* 获得颜色
*/
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 16);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 14);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 18);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
/*
* 绘制字符串
*/
private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
g.setFont(getFont());
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random
.nextInt(121)));
String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString
.length())));
randomString += rand;
g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
g.drawString(rand, 13 * i, 16);
return randomString;
}
/*
* 绘制干扰线
*/
private void drowLine(Graphics g) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(13);
int yl = random.nextInt(15);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
}
/*
* 获取随机的字符
*/
public String getRandomString(int num) {
return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
}
/**
* 生成随机图片
*/
public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String key) {
// BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
g.setFont(new Font(\"Times New Roman\", Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, 18));
g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133));
// 绘制干扰线
for (int i = 0; i <= lineSize; i++) {
drowLine(g);
}
// 绘制随机字符
String randomString = \"\";
for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {
randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);
}
//1:将随机生成的验证码放入Cookie中
Cookie cookie = new Cookie(key,randomString);
response.addCookie(cookie);
//2:将随机生成的验证码放入session中
String sessionid = request.getSession().getId();
request.getSession().setAttribute(sessionid+key, randomString);
System.out.println(\"*************\" + randomString);
//总结:这两种方式都是很好,
//(1):使用cookie的方式,将验证码发送到前台浏览器,不安全!不建议使用。
//(2):使用session的方式,虽然能解决验证码不发送到浏览器,安全性较高了,但是如果用户量太大,这样的存储方式会对服务器造成压力,影响服务器的性能。不建议使用。
//这里暂时实现用这种方式,好的办法是,在项目中使用的缓存,将生成的验证码存放到缓存中,设置失效时间,这样既可以实现安全性也能减轻服务器的压力。
g.dispose();
try {
ByteArrayOutputStream tmp = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, \"png\", tmp);
tmp.close();
Integer contentLength = tmp.size();
response.setHeader(\"content-length\", contentLength + \"\");
response.getOutputStream().write(tmp.toByteArray());// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
response.getOutputStream().flush();
response.getOutputStream().close();
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
4、总结
本文的内容到这就结束了,如果对里面的地方有不懂的地方,可以留言讨论。希望本文的内容对大家的学习工作能有所帮助。
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