回复图片、音频、视频消息都是需要media_id的,这个是需要将多媒体文件上传到微信服务器才有的。
将多媒体文件上传到微信服务器,以及从微信服务器下载文件,可以参考:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=上传下载多媒体文件
上传下载多媒体文件的方法还是写到WeixinUtil.java中。
代码如下:
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.DataInputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.NoSuchProviderException; import java.security.SecureRandom; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import com.company.project.model.menu.AccessToken; import com.company.project.model.menu.Menu; public class WeixinUtil { private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(WeixinUtil.class); public final static String APPID = \"wxb927d4280e6db674\"; public final static String APP_SECRET = \"21441e9f3226eee81e14380a768b6d1e\"; // 获取access_token的接口地址(GET) 限200(次/天) public final static String access_token_url = \"https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET\"; // 创建菜单 public final static String create_menu_url = \"https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN\"; // 存放:1.token,2:获取token的时间,3.过期时间 public final static Map<String,Object> accessTokenMap = new HashMap<String,Object>(); /** * 发起https请求并获取结果 * * @param requestUrl 请求地址 * @param requestMethod 请求方式(GET、POST) * @param outputStr 提交的数据 * @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值) */ public static JSONObject handleRequest(String requestUrl,String requestMethod,String outputStr) { JSONObject jsonObject = null; try { URL url = new URL(requestUrl); HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection(); SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(\"SSL\", \"SunJSSE\"); TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager()}; ctx.init(null, tm, new SecureRandom()); SSLSocketFactory sf = ctx.getSocketFactory(); conn.setSSLSocketFactory(sf); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod); conn.setUseCaches(false); if (\"GET\".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) { conn.connect(); } if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(outputStr)) { OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream(); out.write(outputStr.getBytes(\"utf-8\")); out.close(); } InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,\"utf-8\")); StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); String line = null; while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(line); } in.close(); conn.disconnect(); jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString()); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); log.error(\"URL错误!\"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return jsonObject; } /** * 获取access_token * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:56:43 AM */ public static AccessToken getAccessToken(String appid,String appSecret) { AccessToken at = new AccessToken(); // 每次获取access_token时,先从accessTokenMap获取,如果过期了就重新从微信获取 // 没有过期直接返回 // 从微信获取的token的有效期为2个小时 if (!accessTokenMap.isEmpty()) { Date getTokenTime = (Date) accessTokenMap.get(\"getTokenTime\"); Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); c.setTime(getTokenTime); c.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 2); getTokenTime = c.getTime(); if (getTokenTime.after(new Date())) { log.info(\"缓存中发现token未过期,直接从缓存中获取access_token\"); // token未过期,直接从缓存获取返回 String token = (String) accessTokenMap.get(\"token\"); Integer expire = (Integer) accessTokenMap.get(\"expire\"); at.setToken(token); at.setExpiresIn(expire); return at; } } String requestUrl = access_token_url.replace(\"APPID\", appid).replace(\"APPSECRET\", appSecret); JSONObject object = handleRequest(requestUrl, \"GET\", null); String access_token = object.getString(\"access_token\"); int expires_in = object.getInt(\"expires_in\"); log.info(\"\\naccess_token:\" + access_token); log.info(\"\\nexpires_in:\" + expires_in); at.setToken(access_token); at.setExpiresIn(expires_in); // 每次获取access_token后,存入accessTokenMap // 下次获取时,如果没有过期直接从accessTokenMap取。 accessTokenMap.put(\"getTokenTime\", new Date()); accessTokenMap.put(\"token\", access_token); accessTokenMap.put(\"expire\", expires_in); return at; } /** * 创建菜单 * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:56:36 AM */ public static boolean createMenu(Menu menu,String accessToken) { String requestUrl = create_menu_url.replace(\"ACCESS_TOKEN\", accessToken); String menuJsonString = JSONObject.fromObject(menu).toString(); JSONObject jsonObject = handleRequest(requestUrl, \"POST\", menuJsonString); String errorCode = jsonObject.getString(\"errcode\"); if (!\"0\".equals(errorCode)) { log.error(String.format(\"菜单创建失败!errorCode:%d,errorMsg:%s\",jsonObject.getInt(\"errcode\"),jsonObject.getString(\"errmsg\"))); return false; } log.info(\"菜单创建成功!\"); return true; } // 上传多媒体文件到微信服务器 public static final String upload_media_url = \"http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE\"; /** * 上传多媒体文件到微信服务器<br> * @see http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_1029535_23824 * @see http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=上传下载多媒体文件 * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:11:22 PM */ public static JSONObject uploadMediaToWX(String filePath,String type,String accessToken) throws IOException{ File file = new File(filePath); if (!file.exists()) { log.error(\"文件不存在!\"); return null; } String url = upload_media_url.replace(\"ACCESS_TOKEN\", accessToken).replace(\"TYPE\", type); URL urlObj = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection(); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setUseCaches(false); conn.setRequestProperty(\"Connection\", \"Keep-Alive\"); conn.setRequestProperty(\"Charset\", \"UTF-8\"); // 设置边界 String BOUNDARY = \"----------\" + System.currentTimeMillis(); conn.setRequestProperty(\"Content-Type\", \"multipart/form-data; boundary=\" + BOUNDARY); // 请求正文信息 // 第一部分: StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(\"--\"); // ////////必须多两道线 sb.append(BOUNDARY); sb.append(\"\\r\\n\"); sb.append(\"Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\\\"file\\\";filename=\\\"\" + file.getName() + \"\\\"\\r\\n\"); sb.append(\"Content-Type:application/octet-stream\\r\\n\\r\\n\"); byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes(\"utf-8\"); // 获得输出流 OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream()); out.write(head); // 文件正文部分 DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)); int bytes = 0; byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024]; while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) { out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes); } in.close(); // 结尾部分 byte[] foot = (\"\\r\\n--\" + BOUNDARY + \"--\\r\\n\").getBytes(\"utf-8\");// 定义最后数据分隔线 out.write(foot); out.flush(); out.close(); /** * 读取服务器响应,必须读取,否则提交不成功 */ try { // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应 StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( conn.getInputStream())); String line = null; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(line); } reader.close(); conn.disconnect(); return JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString()); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(\"发送POST请求出现异常!\" + e); e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static final String download_media_url = \"http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&media_id=MEDIA_ID\"; /** * 从微信服务器下载多媒体文件 * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:32:12 PM */ public static String downloadMediaFromWx(String accessToken,String mediaId,String fileSavePath) throws IOException { if (StringUtils.isEmpty(accessToken) || StringUtils.isEmpty(mediaId)) return null; String requestUrl = download_media_url.replace(\"ACCESS_TOKEN\", accessToken).replace(\"MEDIA_ID\", mediaId); URL url = new URL(requestUrl); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod(\"GET\"); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.setDoOutput(true); InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); File dir = new File(fileSavePath); if (!dir.exists()) { dir.mkdirs(); } if (!fileSavePath.endsWith(\"/\")) { fileSavePath += \"/\"; } String ContentDisposition = conn.getHeaderField(\"Content-disposition\"); String weixinServerFileName = ContentDisposition.substring(ContentDisposition.indexOf(\"filename\")+10, ContentDisposition.length() -1); fileSavePath += weixinServerFileName; BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileSavePath)); byte[] data = new byte[1024]; int len = -1; while ((len = in.read(data)) != -1) { bos.write(data,0,len); } bos.close(); in.close(); conn.disconnect(); return fileSavePath; } }
测试代码:
public class WeixinUtilTest { /** * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:57:54 AM */ public static void main(String[] args) { // 1).获取access_token AccessToken accessToken = WeixinUtil.getAccessToken(WeixinUtil.APPID, WeixinUtil.APP_SECRET); String filePath = \"C:\\\\Users\\\\qince\\\\Pictures\\\\壁纸20141029091612.jpg\"; JSONObject uploadJsonObj = testUploadMedia(filePath,\"image\",accessToken.getToken()); if (uploadJsonObj == null) { System.out.println(\"上传图片失败\"); return; } int errcode = 0; if (uploadJsonObj.containsKey(\"errcode\")) { errcode = uploadJsonObj.getInt(\"errcode\"); } if (errcode == 0) { System.out.println(\"图片上传成功\"); String mediaId = uploadJsonObj.getString(\"media_id\"); long createAt = uploadJsonObj.getLong(\"created_at\"); System.out.println(\"--Details:\"); System.out.println(\"media_id:\" + mediaId); System.out.println(\"created_at:\" + createAt); } else { System.out.println(\"图片上传失败!\"); String errmsg = uploadJsonObj.getString(\"errmsg\"); System.out.println(\"--Details:\"); System.out.println(\"errcode:\" + errcode); System.out.println(\"errmsg:\" + errmsg); } String mediaId = \"6W-UvSrQ2hkdSdVQJJXShwtFDPLfbGI1qnbNFy8weZyb9Jac2xxxcAUwt8p4sYPH\"; String filepath = testDownloadMedia(accessToken.getToken(), mediaId, \"d:/test\"); System.out.println(filepath); } /** * 上传多媒体文件到微信 * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:15:14 PM */ public static JSONObject testUploadMedia(String filePath,String type,String accessToken) { try { return WeixinUtil.uploadMediaToWX(filePath, type, accessToken); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 从微信下载多媒体文件 * * @author qincd * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:56:25 PM */ public static String testDownloadMedia(String accessToken,String mediaId,String fileSaveDir) { try { return WeixinUtil.downloadMediaFromWx(accessToken, mediaId, fileSaveDir); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
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