java遍历读取xml文件内容

前端技术 2023/09/03 Java

本文实例讲解了java遍历读取xml文件内容的详细代码，分享给大家供大家参考，具体内容如下

package test;
 
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
 
import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
 
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAttribute;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMComment;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMContainer;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMDataSource;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMDocType;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMDocument;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMException;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMFactory;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMProcessingInstruction;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMSourcedElement;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMText;
import org.apache.axiom.om.OMXMLParserWrapper;
import org.apache.axiom.om.impl.builder.StAXOMBuilder;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;
 
public class Axiomtest {
 public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, Throwable {
//  read xml
    FileInputStream xmlFile = new FileInputStream(\"line-item2.xml\");
    XMLStreamReader parser = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(xmlFile);
 
    // 还需要StAXOMBuilder对象
    StAXOMBuilder builder = new StAXOMBuilder(parser);
    
    OMElement doc = builder.getDocumentElement();   //  读到<fool></fool>    
    
    OMElement cre = doc.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"student\")); //读到<student>
    
    OMElement cre1 = cre.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"id\")); //  读到<id></id>
    System.out.println(cre1.getLocalName()+\":\"+cre1.getText());
    cre1 = cre.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"name\"));    //  读到<name></name>
    System.out.println(cre1.getLocalName()+\":\"+cre1.getText()); 
   
    cre1 = cre.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"age\"));   //  读到<age></age>
    System.out.println(cre1.getLocalName()+\":\"+cre1.getText());  
    
    cre1 = cre.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"sex\"));   //  读到<sex></sex>
    System.out.println(cre1.getLocalName()+\":\"+cre1.getText());
    
    cre1 = cre.getFirstChildWithName(new QName(\"message\"));   //  读到<sex></sex>
    System.out.println(cre1.getLocalName()+\":\"+cre1.getText());
    
    System.out.println(\"------------------------------1\");
    Iterator<OMElement> iter = doc.getChildElements();
    while(iter.hasNext()){
      OMElement temp = iter.next();
      System.out.println(\"====================\");
      System.out.println(temp.getLocalName());
//      System.out.println(temp.getText());
 
      if(temp.getLocalName().equals(\"student\")){
        Iterator<OMElement> iter1 = temp.getChildElements();
        System.out.println(\"----------------\");
        while(iter1.hasNext()){
          OMElement temp1 = iter1.next();          
          System.out.println(temp1.getLocalName()+\":\"+temp1.getText());
        }
      }
    }
    System.out.println(\"!!!!!!!!!!!!!\");
    FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(\"line-item2.xml\");
    XMLStreamReader read = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(file);
    StAXOMBuilder sta = new StAXOMBuilder(read);
    OMElement all = sta.getDocumentElement();
    Iterator<OMElement> ite1 = all.getChildElements();
    while(ite1.hasNext()){
      OMElement temp = ite1.next();
      if(temp.getLocalName().equals(\"student\")){
       Iterator<OMElement> ite2 = temp.getChildElements();
       while(ite2.hasNext()){
         OMElement temp1 = ite2.next();
         System.out.println(temp1.getLocalName()+\":\"+temp1.getText());
      }     
    }
   }    
//    write xml
    
    OMFactory factory = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory();
    
    //建立doc节点,doc节点会和下面的root节点合并
    OMDocument dod = factory.createOMDocument();
    
    //建立root节点
    OMElement root = factory.createOMElement(\"root\",\"\",\"\");
    OMElement add = factory.createOMElement(\"dabi\",\"\",\"\");
    //建立两个普通节点
    OMElement stu = factory.createOMElement(\"student\",\"\",\"\");
    stu.addChild(factory.createOMText(\"mac\"));
 
    OMElement tea = factory.createOMElement(\"teacher\",\"\",\"\");
    tea.addChild(factory.createOMText(\"silly\"));
    
    //构建树,将两个普通节点连到root节点上
    root.addChild(stu);
    root.addChild(tea);
    //构建树,将root节点连到doc节点上
    dod.addChild(root);
    
    // 构建writer做输出器
    XMLStreamWriter writer = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(
        new FileOutputStream(\"2.xml\"));
    root.serialize(writer); // cache on
    writer.flush();
    
    FileInputStream xmlFile1 = new FileInputStream(\"2.xml\");
    XMLStreamReader parser1 = XMLInputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamReader(xmlFile1);
    
    StAXOMBuilder builder1 = new StAXOMBuilder(parser1);
    OMElement doc1 = builder1.getDocumentElement();
    
    Iterator<OMElement> iter1 = doc1.getChildElements();
    while(iter1.hasNext()){
      OMElement temp = iter1.next();
      System.out.println(\"====================\");
      System.out.println(temp.getLocalName()+\":\"+temp.getText());
    }
 
    
    System.out.println(\"!!!!!!!!\");
 
    OMFactory omf = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory();
//    OMDocument od = omf.createOMDocument();
    OMElement root1 = omf.createOMElement(\"root\",\"\",\"\");
    OMElement name = omf.createOMElement(\"name\",\"\",\"\");
    OMElement sex = omf.createOMElement(\"sexy\",\"\",\"\");
    sex.addChild(omf.createOMText(\"man\"));
    name.addChild(omf.createOMText(\"dabi\"));
    root1.addChild(sex);
    root1.addChild(name);
//    od.addChild(root1);
    
    XMLStreamWriter xmlw = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(\"3.xml\"));
    root1.serialize(xmlw);
    
    xmlw.flush();
 }
}
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>
<fool>
  <student>
    <name>mac</name>
    <id>12</id>
    <age>33</age>
    <sex>male</sex>
    <message>hello world</message>
  </student>
  <student>
    <name>silly</name>
    <id>5</id>
    <age>12</age>
    <sex>female</sex>
  </student>
  <teacher>
    <name>Mr. Jones</name>
    <id>2</id>
    <age>31</age>
    <sex>male</sex>
  </teacher>
  <student>
    <name>macy</name>
    <id>2</id>
    <age>40</age>
    <sex>female</sex>
  </student>
  <student>
    <name>tom</name>
    <id>32</id>
    <age>31</age>
    <sex>male</sex>
  </student>
  <message>hello world</message>
</fool>

再分享一例： 用JAVA读取XML文件

解析XML的步骤如下：

  •   1.创建DocumentBuilder工厂
  •   2.创建DocumentBuilder对象
  •   3.DocumentBuilder对象的parse方法得到Document对象
  •   4.Document对象的getElementsByTagName得到NodeList集合
  •   5.通过getFirstChild和getNextSibling进行遍历 

用到的包：

  • import javax.xml.parsers.*;
  • import org.w3c.dom.*;
  • import org.xml.sax.*;

用到的对象：

  • DocumentBuilderFactory：创建DocumentBuilder的抽象工厂
  • DocumentBuilder：可以从 XML 获取一个 Document
  • Document：提供供对文档数据的基本访问

用到的方法：

  • DocumentBuilder.parse(String)\'：将给定 URI 的内容解析为一个 XML 文档，并且返回一个新的 DOM Document对象
  • Document.getElementsByTagName(String)\'：返回具有给定标记名称的所有 Element 的 NodeList
  • Element.getAttribute(String)\'：通过名称获得属性值

下面来解析一个XML文件

import javax.xml.parsers.*; 
import org.w3c.dom.*; 
import org.xml.sax.*; 
 
public class Test 
{ 
  public static void main(String[] args) 
  { 
    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
    try 
    { 
      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder(); 
      Document doc = db.parse(\"pet2.xml\"); 
 
      NodeList dogList = doc.getElementsByTagName(\"dog\"); 
      System.out.println(\"共有\" + dogList.getLength() + \"个dog节点\"); 
      for (int i = 0; i < dogList.getLength(); i++) 
      { 
        Node dog = dogList.item(i); 
        Element elem = (Element) dog; 
        System.out.println(\"id:\" + elem.getAttribute(\"id\")); 
        for (Node node = dog.getFirstChild(); node != null; node = node.getNextSibling()) 
        { 
          if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) 
          { 
            String name = node.getNodeName(); 
            String value = node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue(); 
            System.out.print(name + \":\" + value + \"\\t\"); 
          } 
        } 
        System.out.println(); 
      } 
    } 
    catch (Exception e) 
    { 
      e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
  } 
}

XML文件

<pets> 
  <dogs> 
    <dog id=\"1\">      
      <name>YAYA</name> 
      <health>100</health> 
      <love>0</love> 
      <strain>酷酷的雪娜瑞</strain> 
    </dog> 
    <dog id=\"2\">      
      <name>OUOU</name> 
      <health>90</health> 
      <love>15</love> 
      <strain>聪明的拉布拉多犬</strain> 
    </dog> 
  </dogs> 
  <penguins> 
    <penguin id=\"3\">      
      <name>QQ</name> 
      <health>100</health> 
      <love>20</love> 
      <sex>Q仔</sex>       
    </penguin>     
  </penguins> 
</pets>

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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